Which term best defines a nerve cell?

• A. Neuron
• B. Glial cell
• C. Fibroblast
• D. Myocyte

Answer: (A)

A nerve cell is called a neuron. Neurons are the primary signaling units of the nervous system, specialized to receive signals through dendrites, process them in the cell body, and transmit impulses along an axon to other neurons or to muscles and glands at synapses. Glial cells also live with neurons but provide support, insulation, and maintenance rather than transmitting nerve impulses. Fibroblasts are connective tissue cells that produce extracellular matrix, and myocytes are muscle cells responsible for contraction. In histology, neurons stand out by their relatively large cell body, prominent nucleus, and often visible Nissl substance, with long processes extending from the body, while the other cell types lack these neural signaling features.